Nathan
Ouyang
E. Coli strain BL21 with Ras-containing plasmids and induced Identifiability of Multi-Context Causal Models
Abstract profile. Full document pending author claim.
Authors:
Nathan Ouyang, Ada Wang, Anna Seigal
Date Created:
2025-01-01
Course Title:
Professor:
Not specified
About Paper:
Causal inference seeks to identify the true cause-and-effect AperfectstochasticinterventiononasubsetSofnodesremovesall relationships between the variables. For instance, in a biological incoming edges into S and re-samples each i 2 S from an arbitrary study, one may want to identify the genes expressing proteins that finite-variance distribution. cause a certain disease. We prove that blog2nc+1 such interventions are sufficient and in We study the identifiability of a class of causal models known as the worst case necessary to recover ▯ and identify the model. We Linear Structural Equation Models (LSEMs), where each variable provideaconstructionforasufficientsequenceofinterventionsvia is a linear function of its parents plus independent noise. Formally,a binary-coding of node indices. themodelisgivenbyX=▯X+▯,where▯isaweightedadjacency A mechanism-change intervention perturbs the edge weights into matrix of a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) on n nodes and ▯ is nodes in S, without adding or removing edges. We conjecture that a vector of finite-variance independent signal components. Our mechanism-change interventions (one per node) are sufficient and focus is identifying the underlying DAG and the parameters ▯ using only thecovariance matrices ofthe observed variablesacross in the worst case necessary to recover ▯ under this weaker setting. different interventional contexts. 120 Program for Research in Science and Engineering Investigation into Inattention, Sex, and Auditory-Perceptual Development in Pediatric ADHD Emeline Palfrey, Marija Pranjić, Anne Arnett Harvard College | Lowell House | Pyschology | 2027 Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), characterized by ADHD, sex and inattention severity may be predictive of MMN inattention, hyperactivity, andimpulsivityisreachingrecordlevels amplitude. This study utilized data from 22 7-11 year-olds with in American children, and is associated with lifelong adverse ADHDwhounderwentneuropsychologicaltesting,parentsurveys, outcomes. As early interventions are associated with improved and EEG recordings involving passive Auditory Oddball tasks outcomes, characterizing neurobiological traits underlying ADHD targeting rhythmic timing mechanisms. Associations between sex, is important for potentially identifying vulnerable children at inattention, and MMN amplitude were assessed using multivariate young ages. Mismatch negativity (MMN), an event-related linear regression controlling for age and IQ. While girls showed potential (ERP) well captured in Auditory Oddball paradigms, significantly higher inattention scores than boys, neither sex nor is thought to reflect pre-attentive neural activity in response to inattention severity was a predictor for MMN amplitude in this deviant auditory stimuli. Some evidence suggests that MMN may sample. This investigation will be replicated on a much larger be reflective of inattentive symptoms in ADHD. Notably, sex- sample of a similar age range and compared to age-matched based differences are well-documented in the symptomatology controls. Successful completion might continue to link sex and of ADHD, with higher levels of inattentive symptoms in girls inattention, but not sex, inattention, and MMN. This may indicate than boys. Males have also been shown to outperform females that MMN as elicited from these Auditory Oddball tasks in this age on active Auditory Oddball paradigms. Therefore, girls with group is likely not related to inattentive symptoms in ADHD, and ADHD may be more likely to have increased inattention and laterERPcomponentsshouldbeinvestigatedtocontinuetheefforts reduced MMN amplitudes than boys, and, if MMN is indeed a to reveal neural mechanisms underlying inattention in pediatric neural mechanism underpinning some attentional difficulties in ADHD. Role of GRIN2A Haploinsufficiency, Oxidative Stress, and Seizures in
Abstract:
Causal inference seeks to identify the true cause-and-effect AperfectstochasticinterventiononasubsetSofnodesremovesall relationships between the variables. For instance, in a biological incoming edges into S and re-samples each i 2 S from an arbitrary study, one may want to identify the genes expressing proteins that finite-variance distribution. cause a certain disease. We prove that blog2nc+1 such interventions are sufficient and in We study the identifiability of a class of causal models known as the worst case necessary to recover ▯ and identify the model. We Linear Structural Equation Models (LSEMs), where each variable provideaconstructionforasufficientsequenceofinterventionsvia is a linear function of its parents plus independent noise. Formally,a binary-coding of node indices. themodelisgivenbyX=▯X+▯,where▯isaweightedadjacency A mechanism-change intervention perturbs the edge weights into matrix of a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) on n nodes and ▯ is nodes in S, without adding or removing edges. We conjecture that a vector of finite-variance independent signal components. Our mechanism-change interventions (one per node) are sufficient and focus is identifying the underlying DAG and the parameters ▯ using only thecovariance matrices ofthe observed variablesacross in the worst case necessary to recover ▯ under this weaker setting. different interventional contexts. 120 Program for Research in Science and Engineering Investigation into Inattention, Sex, and Auditory-Perceptual Development in Pediatric ADHD Emeline Palfrey, Marija Pranjić, Anne Arnett Harvard College | Lowell House | Pyschology | 2027 Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), characterized by ADHD, sex and inattention severity may be predictive of MMN inattention, hyperactivity, andimpulsivityisreachingrecordlevels amplitude. This study utilized data from 22 7-11 year-olds with in American children, and is associated with lifelong adverse ADHDwhounderwentneuropsychologicaltesting,parentsurveys, outcomes. As early interventions are associated with improved and EEG recordings involving passive Auditory Oddball tasks outcomes, characterizing neurobiological traits underlying ADHD targeting rhythmic timing mechanisms. Associations between sex, is important for potentially identifying vulnerable children at inattention, and MMN amplitude were assessed using multivariate young ages. Mismatch negativity (MMN), an event-related linear regression controlling for age and IQ. While girls showed potential (ERP) well captured in Auditory Oddball paradigms, significantly higher inattention scores than boys, neither sex nor is thought to reflect pre-attentive neural activity in response to inattention severity was a predictor for MMN amplitude in this deviant auditory stimuli. Some evidence suggests that MMN may sample. This investigation will be replicated on a much larger be reflective of inattentive symptoms in ADHD. Notably, sex- sample of a similar age range and compared to age-matched based differences are well-documented in the symptomatology controls. Successful completion might continue to link sex and of ADHD, with higher levels of inattentive symptoms in girls inattention, but not sex, inattention, and MMN. This may indicate than boys. Males have also been shown to outperform females that MMN as elicited from these Auditory Oddball tasks in this age on active Auditory Oddball paradigms. Therefore, girls with group is likely not related to inattentive symptoms in ADHD, and ADHD may be more likely to have increased inattention and laterERPcomponentsshouldbeinvestigatedtocontinuetheefforts reduced MMN amplitudes than boys, and, if MMN is indeed a to reveal neural mechanisms underlying inattention in pediatric neural mechanism underpinning some attentional difficulties in ADHD. Role of GRIN2A Haploinsufficiency, Oxidative Stress, and Seizures in
Source:
Harvard / Jude Ouerfelli, Harrison Wang, Doeke Hekstra / 2025
Topics:
inattention, adhd, mmn, sex, auditory, mechanism, model, intervention, node, amplitude, oddball, age
