Julia
Estrada
Sponsor: Renee Tsolis, Ph.D. MED: Medical Microbiology & Imm Natural Resistance Associated Macrophage Protein 1 (NRAMP1) is a metal ion transporter expressed in phagocytic cells such as macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells. NRAMP1 deficiency has been associated with greater susceptibility to infections by intracellular pathogens such as Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. ser. Typhimurium). However, the mechanism by which NRAMP1 protects against pathogens and infection has not been described. We propose that the main antimicrobial mechanism of NRAMP1 is to alter cytosolic iron concentrations to cause metabolic reprogramming of the cell, which includes the production of different cytokines. Using bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDM), we aim to characterize differences in inflammatory cytokine signatures between NRAMP1 functional and deficient macrophages. Additionally, we aim to investigate whether the polarization state of macrophages (M0, M1, M2) influences the effect of NRAMP1 function on the production of different cytokine signatures. We are using qPCR to measure the expression of several inflammatory cytokines of S. ser. Typhimurium infected BMDM at different points of infection. The results of these experiments will help us further understand the role of NRAMP1 in limiting S. ser. Typhimurium infection and observe which macrophage polarization states exhibit greater NRAMP1 activity. Immigrant Flights or Immigrant Rights?: A comparative analysis of political party rhetoric and immigration rates
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Authors:
Julia Estrada
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In modern democracies like the United States (U.S.) and the United Kingdom (U.K.), immigration policy is a key issue in recent administrations. The relationship between dominant political party rhetoric and immigration is important to understand so voters can make informed decisions and recognize the impact this has on a vulnerable population. It is expected that ruling parties implement administrative rhetoric and policy that affects the immigration rate. Political right-wing parties tend to favor more restrictive immigration rhetoric, likely resulting in lower immigration rates. In comparison, the political left's inclusive rhetoric favors higher immigration rates. However, immigration rates may also be driven by international crisis variables like pandemics, war, and hostile governments. The strength of the relationship between administration rhetoric and immigration rates will provide insight into how parties in two similarly functioning modern democracies manipulate constituencies and commit to immigration policy platforms. This research gives voters and immigration advocates the confidence to make strategic political decisions as well as enhances academic knowledge by shaping understandings of political party behavior, how party rhetoric translates into policy outcomes, and provides insight into whether or not political parties follow platform promises with regard to immigration. Experimental Investigation of the Social and Ecological Effects of a Green Roof Environment on California Grassland Plants Natan Euol
Source:
UC Davis / Political Science / 2023
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Julia Estrada