Gregory
Bui
Sponsor: Eric Sanford, Ph.D. Evolution & Ecology Marine invasions have become increasingly common as human activities link regions previously separated by natural barriers. These invasions pose substantial threats to biodiversity as nonindigenous species can impact native species through predation, disease, or competition. The sea anemone Anthopleura hermaphroditica is native to Chile, New Zealand, and Australia and was recently identified for the first known time in the Northern Hemisphere in Tomales Bay, California. It has spread prolifically in this estuary, reaching high abundances and densities, but it is unknown how its introduction affects the co- occurring native anemone Anthopleura elegantissima. We ran a lab experiment where we staged one-on-one encounters between the two species and quantified aggressive interactions and competitive outcomes during one-hour trials held at two different temperatures: 12°C and 18°C. We found that A. hermaphroditica was a weaker competitor, with A. elegantissima winning more encounters, especially when temperatures were warm. Additionally, A. elegantissima exhibited dominance in several other aggressive behaviors including inflating more acrorhagi (club-shaped tentacles), inflating acrorhagi faster, and initiating more acrorhagial contacts. Although these findings suggest that A. hermaphroditica may not pose a direct threat to the native anemone, its potential for rapid proliferation and spread may be a concern for estuarine communities in California. New Approach to Monitoring Body Temperature
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Authors:
Gregory Bui
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Quality sleep is essential for maintaining health, as sleep deficiency heightens risks of injury and mortality, and decreases productivity. Our research aims to improve overall sleep quality by understanding how body temperature affects sleep. We use the common fruit fly, Drosophila, as a model system for human body temperature rhythm (BTR), as circadian rhythm is conserved across flies and humans. Specifically, both fly and human temperatures increase during wakefulness and decrease during sleep. To understand how BTR and sleep interact, we developed a method to monitor BTR and sleep which combines day-night video recording and open-source motion tracking to measure the frequency, length, and preferred temperature of sleep. Using past research that defines fly sleep as five minutes of inactivity, we selected flies with mutated clock genes (per01) and compared their sleep behavior to wild-type flies (w1118 and Canton-S) across a temperature gradient of 18-32ºC. Results show that longer sleep is achieved early in the night before shorter sleep in conjunction with the anticipation period. Flies exhibit longer sleep bouts coinciding with lower body temperature and shorter sleep bouts with higher body temperature. This pattern correlates with the sleep-body temperature relationship in humans. Validating Computational Models of Crustacean Swimming Mechanics with a Biomimetic Shrimp Kenneth Bui
Source:
UC Davis / Neuro Physio & Behavior / 2024
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Gregory Bui