Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by demyelination and axonal loss within the central nervous system (CNS). A key feature of MS is the migration of peripheral immune cells, including T cells and monocytes, into the CNS. Emerging research suggests that CNS border regions, such as the meninges and choroid plexus, serve as critical immunological gateways that regulate cell trafficking and cytokine signaling. Interferons (IFNs) are cytokines with roles in immune regulation. In MS, type I interferons, particularly IFN-Beta, are administered to reduce relapse rates and delay progression. In contrast, type II IFN-Gamma has been associated with pro-inflammatory response, but also has regulatory function within the CNS. While the complex effects of interferons on immune cell function have been well-characterized in peripheral tissues, the localization and responses to interferon signaling within the CNS border regions remain poorly understood. These interfaces may serve as sites for immune surveillance and entry, with their response to interferon signaling potentially influencing disease progression. We set out to determine the location and cell-types that express IFN receptors. To determine the locations of IFN receptor expression, we injected fluorophore-conjugated antibodies recognizing type-I (IFNAR1) and type-II (IFNGR1) receptors into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood of adult C57BL/6 mice. After 10-minutes, we perfused the mice, and harvested and cryosectioned brain, spleen, and lymph nodes. We then visualized IFN receptor expression by fluorescence microscopy. Preliminary results reveal distinct patterns of IFNAR1 and IFNGR1 distribution in CNS border regions, with IFNAR1 notably enriched near the choroid plexus. IFNGR1 signal appeared more diffuse, with labeling observed in peripheral regions of the meninges and scattered cells at CNS interfaces. Future studies will identify specific cell types within the dura mater of the meninges and other brain border sites that express IFN receptors. Modeling Charge Transport in Biological Electron Transport Chains Using Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulations

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