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Electromagnetic brain stimulation (EMBS) can be used to treat a variety of neurological disorders, including OCD, depression, and Parkinson's Disease. There is difficulty delivering effective treatment due the limited understanding of the biological principles by which electric fields (E-fields) influence neurons. Neuron solvers rely upon equivalent circuit models to model the behavior of neurons under device E-fields. Currently, hybrid and bidomain approaches are used to analyze neurons under device E-fields. The cable equation provides limited predictive power due to being one-dimensional. A multidimensional bidomain model provides more rigorous predictions. Recently, a bidomain integral equation approach was developed and validated with Hodgkin-Huxley membrane dynamics. The purpose of this study was to augment the existing bidomain tools by adding a myelinated mammalian membrane model. MATLAB was used to formulate a double-cable neuron solver. The double cable neuron solver was constructed to extract functions of the membrane models for the bidomain integral solver. A pointwise Hodgkin-Huxley model was the basis of the subsequent models. This initial subroutine was then modified to accommodate additional ion channels. Codes for a cable equation and activation function were developed for use as a hybrid approach. A bidomain integral approach was augmented with a double cable model for simulation of myelinated neuron morphology. Implementations for transcranial electric stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation were simulated to showcase the efficacy of the models. These computational tools can be used to compare the experimental results with simulations in order to improve the accuracy of the models, thereby improving the efficacy of EMBS.

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Purdue University / 2023

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Am Author