Authors:

Viet Vo

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Introduction: Acoustic blood flow mapping represents a recent advancement in identifying commonly lesion-prone regions of the right coronary artery (RCA): 1R (proximal mid-segment), 2R (distal mid- segment), 3R (distal segment), and 4R (proximal segment). It is hypothesized that the water hammer shock effect, a backward-traveling pressure wave generated during the rapid transition from diastole to systole, contributes to lesion formation, with the 1R site believed to be the most vulnerable to this hemodynamic force. This study aims to further investigate the relationship between additional factors, particularly cardiovascular risk factors, and the severity of 1R lesions. Methods: The study involved 29 patients who presented with unstable angina and underwent coronary angiography. Lesion severity at the 1R site was classified into four categories: no lesion, mild, moderate, and severe. Cardiovascular risk factors were also categorized, including low- density lipoprotein (LDL) levels, blood pressure status, smoking history, body mass index (BMI), alcohol consumption, age, and sex. Fisher's exact test was used to analyze the association between lesion severity at 1R and each cardiovascular risk factor Results: Significant associations were observed between 1R lesion severity and both LDL level (p = 0.038) and smoking status (p = 0.021). A borderline association was noted with BMI (p = 0.051). No significant associations were found for blood pressure, alcohol use, age, or sex. Conclusion: Elevated LDL cholesterol and current smoking were significantly associated with greater 1R lesion severity in the RCA. Targeted management of lipids and cessation of smoking may help reduce localized lesion progression. Keywords: Right Coronary Artery; 1R Lesion; Low-Density Lipoprotein; Smoking; Blood Pressure † Presenting Undergrad Author; ‡ Contributing Undergrad Author; * Undergrad Acknowledgment

Source:

Purdue University / 2025

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Co-authors:

Viet Vo