Authors:

Claudia Trevino

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About Paper:

Lithium-ion systems (Li-ion) dominate the current battery market, but present high material costs, limited recyclability, and toxicity concerns associated with lithium extraction and disposal. Sodium-ion batteries offer a promising alternative due to sodium's natural abundance and lower cost, but they typically suffer from lower energy efficiency and shorter cycle life. Improving the sodium-ion battery performance depends in part on selecting and optimizing cathode materials for capacity, structural integrity, and cycling stability. This study investigated the effect of titanium (Ti) doping on the performance of a sodium-ion cathode, Na?.??Mn?.?TixO? (x=0.5 and 0.10). This cathode was synthesized by mixing stoichiometric Na?CO?, Mn?O?, and TiO? ratios, followed by calcination. The resulting powders were made into slurries, cast onto aluminum foil, and dried at 120?°C to form electrodes. Sodium half-cells were assembled with these cathodes and cycled under constant current to evaluate capacity and cycle stability. Results show that 5% and 10% Ti dropping did not significantly improve the electrochemical performance. While Ti was hypothesized to enhance structural stability, these levels proved ineffective in reducing degradation during cycling. These findings suggest that low-level Ti doping may not be beneficial for sodium-ion cathode optimization. Further research into lower Ti levels is needed to develop sustainable, high-performance sodium-ion batteries capable of competing with Li-ion systems. Keywords: Sodium-Ion; Battery Efficiency; Titanium Doping; Cathode; Battery

Source:

Purdue University / 2025

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No topics listed

Co-authors:

Claudia Trevino